Buddha, (Sanskrit: “Awakened One”) clan name (Sanskrit) Gautama or (Pali) Gotama, personal name (Sanskrit) Siddhartha or (Pali) Siddhattha, (born c. 6th–4th century bce, Lumbini, near Kapilavastu, Shakya republic, Kosala kingdom [now in Nepal]—died , Kusinara, Malla republic, Magadha kingdom [now Kasia, India]), the founder of Buddhism, one of the major religions and philosophical systems of southern and eastern Asia and of the world.

"Tibet, Tibetan Bod, in full Tibet Autonomous Region, Chinese (Pinyin) Xizang Zizhiqu or (Wade-Giles romanization) Hsi-tsang Tzu-chih-ch’ü, historic region and autonomous region of China that is often called “the roof of the world.”" [...] "It constituted a unique cultural and religious community, marked by the Tibetan language and Tibetan Buddhism."

Dalai Lama, head of the dominant Dge-lugs-pa (Yellow Hat) order of Tibetan Buddhists and, until 1959, both spiritual and temporal ruler of Tibet.

The practice of mental concentration leading ultimately through a succession of stages to the final goal of spiritual freedom, nirvana. Meditation occupies a central place in Buddhism and, in its highest stages, combines the discipline of progressively increased introversion with the insight brought about by wisdom, or prajna.

According to Buddhist belief, the worldview of Siddhārtha Gautama was transformed when he came upon a sick man, an old man, a dead man, and a man that renounced the world. Seeing these men shocked the Buddha into re-appraising the passage of life and the searching for freedom from the unceasing cycle of death and rebirth, samsara. Indeed ever since, Buddhism has considered old age, ill health, and death to be inherent aspects of life with death a mere separation of consciousness from the world of ignorance and desire.

Buddhist sect of China and Japan. Founded by monk Eisai in 1187

Tibetan Buddhism, also called (incorrectly) Lamaism, branch of Vajrayana (Tantric, or Esoteric) Buddhism that evolved from the 7th century ce in Tibet.

Losar is the name of the Tibetan New Year (lo means “new,” and sar means “year”) and is the most important festival in Tibet. It is also celebrated in the Kingdom of Bhutan and by Tibetan Buddhists worldwide. Losar takes place over the first three days of the first month of the lunar year, which is usually in February in the Western calendar.

Vesak is the most important of Buddhist celebrations. Although it is sometimes called Buddha’s birthday, it also marks both his attainment of enlightenment and his death, each of which occurred on the same full moon day of the year. The name is derived from Vaisakha, which is the second month of the Hindu year.

n Japan, the yearly memorial ceremony takes the form of Obon (or Bon), a three-day holiday held on different dates according to location that is also known as the Festival of Lanterns. This 500-year-old Buddhist tradition is said to be the occasion on which the spirits of the ancestors return to their family homes.

Chinese New Year, also called Lunar New Year, annual 15-day festival in China and Chinese communities around the world that begins with the new moon that occurs sometime between January 21 and February 20 according to Western calendars. Festivities last until the following full moon.

A series of lessons on Khan academy which covers an introduction to Buddhist Art and Culture. You do not need to create a Khan Academy account to view these materals.